se-

    se-

    English meaning: reflexive pronoun

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ursprũnglich “abseits, getrennt, for sich”, dann Reflexivpronomen

    Note: and (after analogy from *t(e)u̯e) s(e)u̯e-

    Material: se- and s(e)u̯e- Reflexivpronomen for alle Personen, Geschlechter uud Numeri; gen. seu̯e, dat. sebhei, enkLith. gen.-dat. s(u̯)oi; adjektivisches Possessiv s(e)u̯o-; se-: seu̯e- inflectional as te-: te-u̯e “du”. 1. se-: Gk. σφέ, σφίν etc., pO.S.S. σφός, derive from *σ-φει, σ-φι(ν), die as σφ-ει, σφ-ι(ν) aufgefaßt wurden; Lat. sibī, sē, päl. sefei, Osc. sífeí ‘sibi” (*sebhei), siom ‘se” (Umbr. seso ‘sibi” from sei-psō ‘sibi ipsī?”), Goth. sik, O.H.G. sih, O.N. sik ‘sich” (*se-ghe), Goth. sis, O.Ice. sēr dat., PO.S.S. Goth. seins, O.H.G. sīn etc. ‘sein” (auf dem loc. *sei beruhendes *sei-no-s); compare Messap.veinan ‘suam” from *su̯ei-nü-m; O.Pruss. sebbei dat.. sien acc., O.C.S. sebě dat., sę acc. ‘sibi, se”. 2. seu̯e-, *su̯e-: O.Ind. PO.S.S. svá- ‘suus”, Av. hva-, x ̌a-, ар. huva- “eigen, suus” and zero grade Av. hava- ds.; Av. dat. abl. hvüvōya i.e. Iran. *hu̯abya ‘sibi, se”, x ̌üi ‘sibi”; Arm. in-k”n, gen. in-k”ean, ‘selbst” (k” from su̯), perhaps iur ‘sui, sibi”, (*seu̯eroor* seu̯oro-); Gk. ἕ (pamph. Fhε) ‘sich” from *su̯e, Hom. ἑέ from *seu̯e, gen. Hom. ἕο, εἷο, εὑ, εὗ, Att. οὗ (*suesi̯o), dat. οἷ, οἱ, Lesb. Fοῖ (*su̯oi) besides Hom. ἑοῖ (*seu̯oi), PO.S.S. ὅς, Dor. Fός ‘sein” (*su̯os) besides Hom. ἑός (*seu̯os), wherefore ἧλιξ (*su̯ü-li-k-) “ of the same age, coeval, fellow “; Alb. ve-të (*su̯e-ti-) ‘selbst”, u- Pron. refl. (*su̯ë-), vajë “girl” (*vari̯ü to *su̯o-ro- “ relative “), vëla “ brother “ (see above S. 685); Maybe Phrygian: vela- f. “family, relatives” (?) : Alb. vëlla “brother”

    Note: Wrong etymology of Alb. vajë “girl” Maybe Alb.Gheg (*vargha) varza, tosk vajë “girl, virgin” : Lat. virga “ thin branch, rod “ (from *u̯iz-gü), virgō “ girl, virgin “; Root u̯er-3: E. u̯er-ĝh- (*su̯erĝʷh-): “to turn, press, strangle” < rhotacism s/r of Root u̯eis-2 : “to turn, bend”. aLat. sovos, from which in schwachtoniger position suos, Lat. suus; Osc. suveís ‘sui” (gen.), súvad ‘suü”, päl. suois ‘suis”, marr. suam ‘suam”, next to which zero grade Umbr. sue-so loc. sg. ‘suō”; Lat. sē̆ d, sē̆ preposition “without”, prefix “beiseite” basic meaning “for sich, without” (abl. *s(u̯)ed), Konjunktion “but, however”; in addition Gk. ἴδιος “privat, eigen”, argiv. *Fhεδιος from IE *su̯ed-i̯os; Goth. swēs “eigen”, n. “property”, O.H.G. O.S. swüs, O.E. swǣ s, O.Ice. svüss “lieb, traut” (as *su̯ēdh-so- or -to- zur root *su̯edh-, see under; M.Du. swüselinc “father-in-law, son-inlaw, brother-in-law”; to O.H.G. gi-swīo (see under) the VN Suīonēs by Tacitus, O.Ice. Svīar m. pl. ‘schweden”, svī-düi “from selbst gestorben (not getötet)”, lengthened grade svē-vīss “eigensinnig”, Goth. swi-kunÞs “apparent, manifest, obvious”; Lith. savę̃s, sevę̃s ‘sui” (gen.) etc., PO.S.S. sãvas; zero grade O.Pruss. swais = O.C.S. svojь ‘suus, eigen”; out of it swojakъ “affinis”, etc. 3. s(u̯)e-bh(o)-, su̯o-bho- “from eigener kind of”: O.Ind. sabhǘ “congregation, meeting, Gemeindehaus” (less good above S. 105); Goth. sibja, O.H.G. sipp(e)a etc. “family, Gesamtheit the eigenen Leute” (*seƀjō); Gmc. *seƀnō- and *seƀnan- “family” in O.Ice. sjafni m. “love”, GN sjǫfn f., VN *Seƀnan-ez >Semnones ‘sippegenossen; in addition the VN Lat. Sabīnī as “die Sippenangehörigen”, Sabelli (*safnolo-), Samnium = Osc. Safinim; Lat. Samnītes; perhaps ein from den in Italien wohnhaften Illyriern bezogener name with a from IE o, compare Slav. sob-; in addition lengthened grade die Gmc. Suēbi, O.H.G. Swübü ‘schwaben” (Gmc. *swēba-, IE *su̯ēbho- “free, zum eigenen Volk gehörig”); Russ. (etc.) osoba “person”, sobь “Eigenart, character”, O.C.S. sobьstvo “Eigenart, entity”, and with su̯- O.C.S. svoboda “Freiheit” (originally ‘state, status the Sippenangehörigen”); zero grade seems O.Pruss. subs ‘selbst”; quite doubtful with e Slav. *sebrъ in Russ. pá-serbъ ‘stiefsohn” and (?) dem names the Serben and Sorben; with still klärungsbedũrftiger nasalization *sębrъ in aSerb. sebrь “free Baner”, Russ. sjabr “Nachbar, friend”; compare Vasmer 2, 599, 611 f., 3, 61 f. 4. su̯ē̆dh-: O.Ind. svadhǘ “Eigenart, consuetude, custom, Heimstätte”, (Av. x ̌aδüta- “about sich selbst bestimmend, immortal “ is neuere composition); Gk. ἔθος n. “ consuetude, custom” (thematic βεσόν ἔθος Hes., lakonisch), participle Hom. ἔθων “ habitual, customary “, perf. εἴωθα, Lesb. εὔωθα “bin habitual, customary “ (*sesu̯ōdha), ἐθίζω “gewöhne”, lengthened grade ἦθος n. “custom, Gebrauch, Herkommen”, pl. “domicile” (: Gmc. *swēsa-, if from *su̯ēdh-s-o-, see above), ἠθεῖος “traut”, ἔθνος “bulk, mass, Völkerschaft” as “family”?; Lat. sodülis (*su̯edhülis) “Kamerad, Gespiele, fellow, Tischgenosse”; soleō “bin habitual, customary “, with l for *dh; suēscō “werde accustomed “ (*suēdh-skō); but Goth. sidus “custom”, O.H.G. situ, O.E. sidu, seodu, O.Ice. siðr, acc. pl. siðu m. “custom” (previously Ger. fem.) not here, da sie i in the root syllable have (Wissmann, Mũnchner Studien 6, 129, Anm. 28). 5. t-

    Derivatives: Av. x ̌aē-tu- “angehörig”, x ̌aē-tüt- “Angehörigkeit, affiliation” (due to eines loc. *su̯ei-, su̯oi-); O.C.S. svatъ “kinsman, relative, relative, Brautwerber”, (*su̯ō-to-s, compare Serb. svük “ sister’s husband “, O.C.S. svojakъ “affinis”); Lith. svẽčias, svẽtis “guest” (actually “foreigner, stranger”; because of svẽtimas “ strange “, Ltv. svešs “ strange; guest”, from *su̯e-ti̯os “for sich, allein stehend, hence out of stehend”; compare Ltv. sevišks “ separate, allein” and Gk. ἑκάς (Hes. βεκάς), lit. *Fhε-κάς “for sich”, compare ἀνδρα-κάς “man for man” and O.Ind. dviśas “to zweien”; Gk. ἕκαστος (*ἑκασ-στος “for sich stehend”) “ein jeder”, thereafter ἑκάτερος, delph. Fεκάτερος “jeder from zweien”; Hom. ἔτης (Fέτης) “kinsman, relative, friend”, el. Fέτας “Privatmann”. With anlaut *se- (not *su̯e): O.C.S. *sětъ “guest”, posětiti “besuchen”; Gk. ἕταρος “ fellow “, fem. *ἕταιρα, ἑταίρᾱ, wherefore as neues m. ἕταιρος. 6. other Zugehörigkeits- and Verwandtschaftsbezeichnungen (compare under eigenen Schlagworten *su̯elio[n]-, su̯esor-, su̯ek̂uro-s, suek̂rū-) are: Maybe Alb. (*su̯elio vëlla “brother (*brother-in-law, sister’s husband)” O.Ice. sveinn “Bursche, herdsman, shepherd”, O.S. swēn ‘schweinehirt” (Bedeutungsanschluß an swīn ‘swine”), O.E. swün ‘schweinehirt, herdsman, shepherd”, poet. “man, warrior”; Lith. sváinis (*suo̯ inio̯ s) “of Weibes sister’s husband “, sváinė “die sister the wife, woman”, Ltv. svainis “brother the wife, woman”; O.H.G. (ge)swīo “brother-inlaw, sister’s husband “, M.H.G. geswīe m. f. “brother-in-law, Schwägerin”, O.Ice. sveit f. “Kriegerschar”; 7. Auf a connection from *se- with dem Pron. *(o)lo- beruhendes *se-lo- seems (?) die base from Gmc. *selba- ‘selbst” (-bho- as above in *s(u̯)ebho-), Goth. silba, O.N. sjálfr, O.E. self, O.H.G. selb, Ger. selb, -er, -st in addition Ven. sselboi sselboi ‘sibi ipsi” (= O.H.G. selb selbo); compare also Gmc. *selda- ‘seldom”, Goth. silda-leiks “wundersam” (“from rare, seltsamer Gestalt”), O.H.G. selt-süni ‘seltsam”, adv. seltan ‘seldom” etc. (‘seldom” from “for sich, alleinstehend, einzig”); daß Lat. sōlus “allein, einzig, bare” a similar IE connection *sōlo- entstammt, is possible; after Szemeré nyi (Word 8, 50) from *su̯e-alo-. 8. Vom Reflexivum in the meaning to divide is the stem su̯e- in particles for ‘so” from which “as” and “if”: Hom. ὥς (Fως) postpositive ‘so” from *su̯ō- with suffixalem -s; but ὁτ(τ)ι, Att. ὅτις “was also always” (*i̯od-kʷid), Hom. ὅππως, Att. ὅπως “as” belong to *i̯o- above S. 283 (Schwyzer Gk. 1, 617); Osc. svaí, svae, Umbr. sve, sue “if”, aLat. suad (Festus) ‘sic”; Goth. swē “as” (relative), swa-swē “as”; Goth. swa, O.N. svü, O.E. swü, swǣ ‘so”, O.S. O.H.G. nnd. sō; in addition Goth. swa-leiks, O.Ice. slīkr, O.E. swelc, swilc etc., O.H.G. solīh, sulīh etc. ‘solch”; Umbr. so-pir ‘siquis”, Osc. svaepis, volsk. sepis ‘siquis”, surur, suror, suront, sururont “item” (*su̯ō-su̯ō); aLat. sō-c ‘so” (could have evolved from *su̯ō ), Lat. sī “if” (originally ‘so”, sī dīs placet), sī-c ‘so”.

    References: WP. II 455 ff., WH. II 457 f., 506 f., 530 f., 552 f., 557, 626 f.; Trautmann 251 f., 291, 294 f., Schwyzer Gk. 1, 226, 600 f., 606 f.; 2, 577; Mezger Word 4, 98 ff., Benveniste BSL 50, 36 ff.;

    See also: s. also seni- and su-.